Pests of sugarcane pdf merge

The fungus also persists in the soil on the diseased clumps and stubbles as acervulli. Most of the injury to young shoots is near the point where the shoots join the seed piece or stubble. Biological control of insectpest in sugarcane natural enemies are used such as predators, parasites and pathogenic microorganisms for controlling pest populations or diseases. It also is the basis of large plantation enterprises. Survey and surveillance of insectpests and diseases of sugarcane in sub tropical india enhancing efficacy of trichoderma based red rot management system mass multiplication of trichoderma on cheaper substrates and development of suitable delivery system for disease management in sugarcane. Among various factors, insect pests inflict considerable losses which are estimated to be around 20% in. Sugarcane production countries, sugarcane production indian state wise, major pests, impact of pests on production. Sugarcane has a thick, tillering stem which is clearly divided into nodes and internodes. Some examples of overground insect pests in sugarcane. Leaf blades merging into the sheath, linear, with a broad, rounded. Yellow sugarcane aphids can be differentiated from these newest pests by the presence of numerous hairs covering the entirety of the body of yellow sugarcane aphids magnification source often needed. Secondary spread in the field may be through irrigation water and cultivation tools.

The mention of insecticide trade names is for information only. Disciplines, occupations and industries see more details and control methods control methods subject category. Request pdf pests of sugarcane sugarcane is an important cash crop in many tropical and subtropical countries and is one of the main sources of sugar production in the world find, read. It is an important crop for thousands of small farmers with only a few acres. Top borer of sugarcane the scientific name of top borer of sugarcane is scirpophaga novella fabricius with family pyralidae and belonging to order lepideoptera. Pests and other problems of palms 4 lethal yellowing ly is an incurable disease of many palm species caused by a mycoplasmalike organism a form of life sometimes described as intermediate between a virus and a bacterium that is spread by a leaf hopper bug myndus crudus. Sugarcane entomology section deals with research activities related to control of insect pests. In brazil, insect pests which attack sugarcane include stem borers. It may also be kept in mind that sugarcane leaves are used as substrate for the artificial cultivation of edible mushrooms. One hundred sugarcane plants were randomly sampled for soil insects from each field. The list of major that cause economic damage to this crop insects pests of sugarcane are given below, 1. Cab direct platform is the most thorough and extensive source of reference in the applied life sciences, incorporating the leading bibliographic databases cab abstracts and global health. The sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius, is native to the western hemisphere, but not to the united states.

Sugarcane aphids can be distinguished from green bugs by the absence of a dark line that appears on the back of green bugs. To assess the impact of resistant sugarcane varieties on the pest population dynamics of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis f. Pests of australian sugarcane sugar research australia. Among various factors, insect pests inflict considerable losses which are estimated to be around 20% in cane yield and 15% in sugar recovery avasthy, 1983. Edis is the electronic data information source of ufifas extension, a collection of information on topics relevant to you. Weeds also harbour certain diseases and pests that attack sugarcane and thus lead to indirect losses.

Mechanical harvesting uses a combine, or sugarcane harvester. Flooding sugarcane fields in late spring, then again in summer generally kills wireworms, but insecticides containing phorate are also effective. The aesa based ipm sugarcane, was compiled by the niphm working group under the chairmanship of dr. The variety and species of pests in sugarcane crop is astonishing, as mentioned nearly 288 insects from the following orders and families are found in this crop. Exotic pests and diseases and more commonly endemicestablished pests. This map depicts the distribution of sugarcane in the world. The word sugar is known to have derived from the sanskrit word sharkara. The order of presentation of species follows that in pests of australian sugarcane 1993. Phytoplasmas were previously known as mycoplasmalike organisms mlos. Therefore, unlike sugarbeets, sugarcane cannot be stored for later processing without excessive deterioration of the sucrose content. These groupings are somewhat arbitrary and some species may cause more than one type of damage. Insects and eggs can be carried on sugarcane stalks and leaves. Important natural enemies of sugarcane insect pests. The biology and ecology of sugarcane saccharum spp.

Included is the origin of sugarcane, general descriptions of its growth and agronomy, its reproductive biology, toxicity and allergenicity and its general ecology. Some other common but less damaging sugarcane plant pests are. V, abbott sugarcane is native to or is grown in some 50 countries or political units within approximately 40 north lati tude to 32 south. Notice the yellow runners associated with the spots see text.

Wireworms are a belowground pest of newly planted sugarcane and are rarely a pest in ratoon sugarcane. Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on. Infestations cause direct and indirect damage, and early maturing varieties are more susceptible. Development of integrated pest management for sugarcane borer. The package was developed taking into account the advice of experts listed below on various occasions before finalization. Chapter 1 introduction in vitro approaches for improvement of sugarcane cultivar page 1 introduction sugarcane is an oldest crop known to man, a major crop of tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Mechanisms of sugarcane response to herbivory scielo. Sugarcane borers, pyrilla, bugs, thrips, mites, grass hoppers, and army worm are dangerous pests during the growing season. Diseases represent an important constraint to production and profitability of this important commodity in louisiana. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss since the middle ages sugar from cane has largely replaced honey as a sweetener. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. Sugarcane fiji disease virus is spread in solomon islands and presumably in other pacific island countries by a species of perkinsiella most likely perkinsiella saccharicida, a planthopper photo 5, which breeds among the young leaves. Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on brazilian agriculture.

Sugarcane is a glycophyte, sucrose storing member of tall growing perennial monocotyledonous grass. Merging spots of sugarcane eyespot, bipolaris sacchari. More than 50 diseases are reported in sugarcane, fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes cause the. The paper briefly discussed the main pests of sugarcane in china, and the integrated pest management, including. Alterations related to the occurrence of pests and plant parasitic nematodes after a change in the harvest ing system from the manual harvesting of burnt sugar. Copious excretion of honeydew may cause development of sooty mould. Mississippi top photo, aphids accumulated on a combine at harvest near corpus christi. Biology and control of sugarcane diseases louisiana.

Severe pest and disease outbreaks in the australian sugarcane industry have caused some heavy losses to productivity. Major insect pests include the mexican rice borer, the sugarcane borer, wireworms, and the sugarcane aphid which is a vector of sugarcane yellow leaf disease. Active in all seasons severe under drought conditions. Good management practices manual for the cane sugar industry final.

This article is a list of diseases of sugarcane saccharum spp. Stem borer of sugarcane the scientific name of stem borer of sugarcane is chilo infuscatellus snellen with family. Major insect pests of sugarcane in the us can be divided into two groups, the stemborers lepidoptera. This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the australian environment. Sugarcane is grown on over 420,000 acres in louisiana. Sugarcane whiteflies are one of the most important pests of sugarcane in south asian countries.

Weeds flora in sugarcane field besides competing for moisture and light also remove about 4 times n and p and 2. Phytocercomonas venanatans, a new species of cercozoa associated with chlorotic streak of. So far about 70 species of insect pests have been identified in bangladesh of which the most damaging are top shoot borer, stem borer and rootstock borer. Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state university.

Most of the present sugarcane varieties are not resistant to borers. Pacific pests and pathogens fact sheets sugarcane eye spot 305 common name sugarcane eye spot scientific name bipolaris sacchari. Outbreaks of the diseases fiji leaf gall, orange rust and smut have cost hundreds of millions of dollars and have impacted the sugarcane plant breeding program and onfarm management. Results of studies on seasonal history, field ecology ecology subject category. It apparently was introduced into louisiana about 1855, and has since spread to the other gulf coast states. Dec, 2016 stripping of cane leaves may minimize attack select and plant the scale insect free setts avoid water stagnation for the longer period detrash the crop at 150th and 210th day of planting. Pests and diseasesmatching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agro. Natural enemies are used such as predators, parasites and pathogenic microorganisms for controlling pest populations or diseases. Give hot water treatment before planting presoak the setts in 0. Pests and other problems of palms university of florida. Wireworms feed on the buds and root primordia during germination of sugarcane seed pieces, and on shoots and roots after germination. It requires high temperatures, plenty of sunlight, large quantities of.

Pyralidae distribution life cycle and description damage host plants natural enemies weather management selected references distribution back to top. The primary infection is mainly from infected setts. Satyagopal korlapati, ias, dg, niphm, and guidance of shri. In 20, a new aphid pest was reported damaging sorghum, sorghum. Ppt sugarcane diseases powerpoint presentation free to. In commercial sugarcane fields, some pest problems are expected and tolerated. Sugarcane is scientifically known as saccharam officinarum it is believed to be originated from south and southeast asia india is the second largest producer of cane sugar next to brazil sugarcane is infested by 287 species of insect and non insect pests. This film flakes easily and is visible when the leaf is viewed from different perspectives. However, in the context of this book, discussion is limited to two of the major species. When dew is present, the bacteria causing this disease may ooze from the lesions and dry to form a clear, thin film. Biological control of insectpest in sugarcane agropedia.

Sugarcane is a long duration crop of 1012 months and therefore is liable to be attacked by a number of insect pests. Some sixty species of this insect have been reported. Similar to the sugarcane planthopper perkinsiella saccharicida in size and appearance, being a 46 mm long, brown coloured, leafhopper. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss sugar cane is a perennial grass that thrives well in tropical and frostfree warm temperate areas. Pdf sugarcane is a long duration crop of 1012 months and therefore is liable to be attacked by a number of insect pests. Results of studies on seasonal history, field ecology and control methods of major pests conducted during the last four decades at different sugarcane research centres in india are presented. Sugarcane plants may merge together, especially in older fields, making separation of a plant difficult. Sugarcane growing countries of the world are lying between the latitude 36. This document addresses the biology and ecology of conventional nongenetically modified sugarcane. Sugarcane borers are the major biotic pest in sugarcane that accounts nearly 2530% yield loses. Sugarcane is the name given to a grass plant of the saccharum gender, from which the saccharum officinarum l is the most important species. Pdf insect pests of sugarcane and their management. The most important part of the sugarcane plant are the stalks, because sugars and other substances accumulated by the. Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state.

The perspective of pest management of sugarcane insects involves a multidisciplinary and environmentally sound holistic system that is multitactical, sustainable, and has proactive vision. Pdf survey and surveillance of sugarcane insect pests under. The goals of plant pathology research are to increase knowledge of plant diseases and develop costeffective management practices. According to an estimate, sugarcane production declines by 2025% by insect pests. Sugarcane, or sugar cane are several species and hybrids of tall perennial grasses in the. The same blend of the volatile terpenoids and indole was released either when maize. There are many constrain, including the heavy losses, caused by a number of diseases to the sugarcane crop. Some interesting examples of different group of natural enemies are. Pest management plan pmp of the shire valley irrigation project svip. Matching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agroclimatic management conditions associated with the area. Sugar cane bagasse energy cogeneration lessons from mauritius pdf.

Stripping of cane leaves may minimize attack select and plant the scale insect free setts avoid water stagnation for the longer period detrash the crop at 150th and 210th day of planting. Fortunately, the popular cabbage palm, floridas state. Aesa based ipm sugarcane 1 aesa based ipm package for sugarcane sugarcane plant description. In 20, the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera. The rain splash, air currents and dew drops also help in the spread of conidia from the diseased to healthy plants. In consecutive chapters borers, termites, leafhopper, white fly, black bug, mealy bug, scale insect, beetles and beetle grubs, sugarcane mites, army worm, grasshoppers, aphids and rats are dealt with. A sugarcane crop is sensitive to climate, soil type, irrigation, fertilizers, insects. When the cane is cut, rapid deterioration of the cane begins. Wireworms wireworms are the larvae of click beetles, which can cause. A simplified process flow diagram for a typical cane sugar production plant is shown in figure 9. This lecture on sugarcane integrated pest management is slanted towards sugarcane production and management of insect pests in the united states us fig. Busari abstract the influence of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation on the yield and quality of sugarcane was investigated at the national cereals research institute badeggi in 200203 and 200304 seasons.